DSCR Loans: Borrowing Against the Property's Income

A debt service coverage ratio loan underwrites the rent rather than your pay stubs. That makes it useful, and it comes with a price.

CATEGORY Financing READ 5 min SECTIONS 5

DSCR lending qualifies a loan on whether the property's income covers its debt, rather than on the borrower's personal income. For investors with several properties, it removes the ceiling that conventional debt-to-income underwriting imposes.

How the ratio works

Divide the property's net operating income by its annual debt service. A ratio of 1.0 means the property exactly covers its payments. Lenders generally want a margin above that, and the required margin rises with perceived risk.

What you give up

  • Rates are typically higher than owner-occupied conventional debt
  • Prepayment penalties are common
  • Down payment requirements are usually larger
  • Reserve requirements can be significant

What you gain

Speed, and the ability to keep buying once conventional underwriting has stopped counting your rental income the way you would like. The property qualifies itself.

Where it goes wrong

Underwriting on pro forma rent rather than achieved rent, and forgetting that the ratio is tested against your actual payment — so a rate rise between application and closing can shrink the loan.

Read the prepayment terms carefully

If your plan is to refinance or sell within a few years, a prepayment penalty can consume a meaningful share of the gain. Model the exit against the penalty schedule before you sign.